The levels of the main greenhouse gases well mixed, which are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are the highest in the last 800,000 years told Efe physical à ?? ngel Gómez, the Izana Atmospheric Observatory in Tenerife.
The study of the levels of greenhouse gases, which began in Hawaii in the fifties of the century It happened, also it takes place in Tenerife since 1984, and as for the data on before that date, known by studying air bubbles trapped in the ice of Antarctica and Greenland, Gomez said.
The greenhouse effect has always existed but increased since the industrial revolution, told ?? Angel Gomez, the Meteorological Agency said, adding that with this increase occurs at the surface a temperature rise, which is slow because the deep ocean water take long to warm up.
The greenhouse gases are measured Izaña hours a day every day of the year, and while nitrous oxide and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) studied since 2007, methane and carbon dioxide are analyzed since 1984.
Gómez explained that carbon monoxide (CO) is not a greenhouse gas, but influences the chemistry of methane, which it is, so that if more of something else first second.
The carbon monoxide and methane has a relatively short lifetime in the atmosphere, for the first it remains in a few months and the second about nine, while the carbon dioxide is maintained for hundreds of years, nitrous oxide 120 and sulfur hexafluoride about 3,200 years.
The difference between the two types of gases it is important because for the first can strike a balance between emissions and destruction, in which case the gas concentration remain constant in the atmosphere, whereas the second gas concentration continues to grow as long as emissions.
This explains why the concentrations measured in Izaña always grow to carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and sulfur hexafluoride, while the concentration of methane has had periods of no growth, and even carbon monoxide decreases.
The expert said that the impact of emissions of gases in a moment of the future is measured by the potential change in global temperature (GTP), which is based on temperature change Superficial Global Media (GMST) caused by such emissions horizons using as reference the resulting carbon dioxide.
The GTP to a ten-year horizon for these methane emissions is almost equal to that caused by emissions of carbon dioxide, but it is little more than half to a horizon of twenty years and negligible for a hundred-year horizon, as the methane emitted hundred years before most will have been destroyed.
However, the GTP for emissions of nitrous oxide present remains constant in those time horizons, as its half-life is long and similar to that of carbon dioxide.
The average values Background of the atmosphere measured during Izaña 2014 showed that per million molecules in the atmosphere 398.6 particles were carbon dioxide, methane 1.86, 0.3277 nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride 0.00000842 0.0923 and carbon monoxide.
The average of carbon dioxide over the last decade annual growth has been 2.1 parts per million per year, while the increase in nitrous oxide has been 0.00089 and increased sulfur hexafluoride 0.00000030.
The water vapor (H2O) is also an important greenhouse gas, but its concentration in the atmosphere varies greatly from place to place and another in height, is determined as emissions from the evaporation of liquid water oceans, lakes and rivers, evapotranspiration of plants and soil.
The concentration depends on complex meteorological factors such as temperature, wind , location of storms and anticyclones.
This gas disappears from the atmosphere through condensation in the form of liquid water clouds, which is returned to the earth’s surface as rain.
Therefore, the impact of water vapor in the greenhouse effect is taken into account as feedback: rising gas well mixed greenhouse, the temperature of the lower atmosphere, and this temperature increase allows a greater quantity of water vapor in the atmosphere can remain.
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