The global fight against climate change comes Saturday when the moment of truth, when ministers from 195 countries will try again to reach a universal agreement to curb the rise in global temperatures, six years after the failure of Copenhagen.
“All the conditions are gathered for an ambitious universal agreement,” said the president of the Paris conference on climate (cop21), the French Foreign Minister, Laurent Fabius, who plans to give meet its proposed final agreement to 11H30 (10H30 GMT).
The French President Francois Hollande will attend Le Bourget (north of Paris) presentation, the Presidency announced. “After hours of negotiations, the president will go to the end of the morning at Le Bourget where he will speak at the plenary session of the parties to the agreement will be presented,” said the source of the Elysee Palace.
Twelve days have passed since some 150 leaders launched a strong appeal from the rostrum of the cop21 to preserve the planet. “Never was such a great responsibility in the hands of so few,” had then emphasized the Costa Rican Christiana Figueres, the UN primarily responsible for climate issues.
The aim of the climate conference is not trivial. Negotiators should adopt a global agreement to combat climate change by reducing greenhouse gases and helping the most vulnerable countries, replacing from 2020 the Kyoto Protocol.
Although the ministers tried to close the gap in recent days, the negotiations foundered on Thursday morning when the disagreements between developed and developing countries, forcing Fabius to delay presenting his final proposal were staged.
To break the deadlock, the president of the cop21 held consultations with the various negotiating groups until late Friday. And the statesmen of various countries like US, China, India, France and Brazil came into play to ensure a final agreement.
The chief negotiator of China, Vice Foreign Minister Liu Zhenmin , he said he was confident there would be “an agreement in Paris” on Saturday, while US Secretary of State, John Kerry, was less optimistic. There are “a couple of very difficult issues” unclogging admitted the US
-. Last pitfalls –
The diplomatic activity continued early Saturday at the headquarters of the Presidency cop21 where their representatives, Fabius at the helm, finished drafting its proposal past the 0300 agreement (02h00 GMT).
The responsibility of rich and developing countries when fighting climate change and ambition must show the agreement are, along with funding to the South to deal with the effects of global warming, the main obstacles to reaching a consensus.
“You do not they can ask Lesotho the same obligations to Poland, or that Botswana has the same as the United States, without differentiation, “said Friday the South African ambassador Nozipho Mxakato-Diseko, spokesman for the groups of developing countries.
Regarding funding, developing countries claim that the sum of 100,000 million dollars promised by developed countries from 2020 to increase the following years, while industrialized countries want emerging powers of the South also collaborate
. – 2nd or 1.5 °? –
So far, the success of this cop21 was that 185 countries have submitted to the United Nations plans to reduce greenhouse gases to 2025/2030, commitments coupled limit global warming to 3ºC about their pre-industrial levels.
This limit is far below the target of 2 ° C, agreed by all member countries at the conference in Cancun in 2010 and now defended by the oil producing countries, led by Saudi Arabia. And even further 1.5ºC claiming SIDS and the most vulnerable countries to climate change extreme events, such as Central America.
In a Solomonic formula, the latest draft agreement established “target below 2 ° C” and called for “continued efforts” to achieve “1’5º”.
With a temperature increase of 2 ° C scientists predict irreversible effects, with phenomena frequent extreme, declining agricultural productivity or the extinction of species, although it is considered that the planet can still be adapted.
The work of the past six years will be known on Saturday when Fabius submitted for approval by consensus its proposal.
During the conference, the social movements urged not to repeat the failure of Copenhagen in 2009, when hopes of a binding agreement able to curb emissions of greenhouse gases they fell apart despite a last-minute extensions.
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