The UN talks on climate reached a milestone Saturday when more than 190 countries approved the first agreement in which all nations are asked to join efforts in the fight against global warming.
Le Bourget.- The UN talks on climate reached a milestone Saturday when more than 190 countries approved the first agreement in which calls on all nations to join efforts in the fight against global warming
NEWS:. The cop21 approves “Paris Agreement”
Some crucial elements of the agreement:
long-term objectives
The agreement has set a long term goal to ensure that global warming remains “well below” two degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) and “take action” to limit the temperature rise to 1.5 degrees C (2.7 degrees F).
Temperatures have already risen about one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees F) compared to pre-industrial times. To achieve the new target, governments committed to stop “soon” increased emissions of greenhouse gases, which trap heat.
In some date after 2050, emissions from man must be reduced to levels that forests and oceans can absorb, according to the agreement.
emissions targets
In order to achieve the long-term goal, countries agreed fixed every five years national targets for reducing greenhouse gases.
More than 180 countries have already submitted their targets for the first cycle starting in 2020. Only the developed countries plan to reduce their emissions absolute terms. Developing nations are “encouraged” to do the same as their skills they evolve over time.
So far, in what comes 2020, only waiting for developing countries to control the growth of their emissions as their economies thrive.
Objectives Review
The initial objectives will be insufficient to thread the world to achieve the goal of long-term increase in the level of maximum temperature. Thus, the agreement is asked governments to review their goals in the next four years and examine if they can “update”. It is not mandatory to deepen their reductions.
However, the expectation is that if they can reduce available sources more effective and affordable renewable energy.
Transparency
There are no sanctions against countries failing to meet their emissions targets. However, the agreement provides transparency rules will help encourage countries to fulfill their commitments. This was one of the most difficult to arrange because China requested more flexible binding commitments to developing nations.
According to the pact, all countries must report their emissions and actions to reduce them. However, it provides some “flexibility” for developing countries “need it”.
Financial Resources
According to the agreement, rich countries must maintain their financial assistance to nations poor so that they reduce their emissions and adapt to climate change.
The agreement also encourages other nations to make voluntary contributions. This assistance paves the way for emerging economies like China make contributions even when not required to do so.
The agreement does not provide specific amounts. However, rich nations had pledged beforehand financing climate change by 100,000 million dollars in the coming years until 2020.
Losses and damage
In a victory for the small island nations that threatens rising sea level, the agreement includes a section that “losses and damages” associated with climate-related disasters is recognized. United States objected long including the subject of the agreement, worried face claims for damages related to extreme weather events.
In the end the issue was included but a footnote page specifically states that the losses and damages not imply responsibility or are compensable.
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